Sponge titanium refers to the spongy metal titanium with a purity of 98.5% to 99.7% obtained by reducing titanium tetrachloride with magnesium or sodium. Titanium is the most important raw material in industrial production. Sponge titanium is a primary product in the production of titanium metal. After further melting and casting, titanium ingots, namely pure industrial titanium, can be processed into corresponding titanium materials or titanium alloys.
Each carbon fiber is made up of thousands of smaller fibers, about five to eight microns across, and almost entirely carbon. The earliest generations (such as T300, HTA and AS4) were 16-22 microns in diameter. The newly developed carbon fiber (such as IM6 or IM600) is about 5 microns in diameter.
At the atomic level, carbon fiber is very similar to graphite, consisting of layers of carbon atoms arranged in hexagonal patterns (graphene sheets). The difference is in the way the layers connect. Graphite is a crystalline structure with loose interlayer connections, while carbon fiber is not a crystalline structure and interlayer connections are irregular. This prevents slippage and strengthens the material.
The density of carbon fiber is 1750 kg/m. The specific heat capacity of carbon fiber is lower than that of copper. When heated, carbon fibers become thicker and shorter. Although the natural color of carbon fiber is black, it can be stained with different colors.
