Stents come in a variety of materials, depending on what you're using. Generally the main material is metal, but metal biocompatibility is not good, there are biological materials.
(1) the stent can be divided into tantalum metal, medical stainless steel, tantalum and Nitinol alloy according to the material. Metal stents have achieved remarkable curative effect after clinical treatment, but they are prone to thrombosis, high restenosis rate and damage of blood vessel wall. In view of the above shortcomings, we have developed the coated scaffold and biological material scaffold. The ideal metal stent should be consistent with the repair time of vascular function. Magnesium alloy and iron alloy are degradable and have good vascular support, effectively reducing stent restenosis.
(2) stents can be divided into self-expanding type and balloon expansion type according to the mode of endovascular expansion. The former, such as Z - shaped stent and mesh - shaped stent, etc. The latter is inelastic and adheres to the blood vessels by means of balloon expansion to a certain diameter.
(3) the stents can be classified into exposed type, coated type and covered type according to the surface treatment. The exposed surface is only polished; Coated metal surface with heparin, titanium oxide and other substances; Film - coated means that the metal scaffold coated with degradable or non - degradable polymer film.
(4) vascular stents can be divided into simple supporting stents and therapeutic stents according to their functions. Therapeutic stents include stents coated with drugs on the surface of the stents or stents coated with therapeutic substances or radioactive stents.
