Metal materials are the earliest biomedical materials used in clinical medicine. Currently, metal materials used in surgical implants and orthopedic instruments mainly include stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy and titanium alloy, which account for about 40% of the market share of the whole biomaterial products. Among them, titanium alloy has been widely used in the repair, correction and replacement of defects, injuries and diseases in hard tissues (including all bones and teeth in the body). Since the middle of the 20th century, begins with a titanium alloy based medical metal materials in human body hard tissue of surgical implants and human tissue (including cardiovascular, peripheral vascular and non-vascular such as liver, bile duct, urinary tract, etc.) in the interventional treatment showed a unique and amazing curative effect, and titanium alloy artificial joints, dental implant, intravascular stent and heart valves with Chinese medical devices with titanium alloy material research and development, production and application, and the typical representative of medical equipment products come out, is of epoch-making significance for the development of medical and revolutionary contribution, It makes clinical treatment from simple "repair and orthopaedic" treatment to higher-level "replacement" treatment of tissues and organs, greatly improves and improves people's quality of life, and overcomes the deficiency of previous major diseases that can only rely on drug therapy.
Biomedical titanium alloy material is a kind of functional structure material used in biomedical engineering, mainly used in the production and manufacturing of surgical implants and orthopedic instruments. According to professional standards of surgical implants and orthopedic devices titanium alloy materials can be classified as "surgical implant materials" in the "metal" category, and titanium alloy materials in the active surgical implants, active surgical implants and orthopedic devices in the three types of medical equipment, can act as a cardiovascular, bone and joint, joint bone, spine, orthopedic equipment, pacemakers and defibrillators, cochlear implants, nerve stimulator, and other embedded products of raw materials. Biomedical titanium alloy microstructure by material type can be classified as alpha titanium alloy (such as pure titanium series), alpha + beta type (such as Ti6Al4V) and beta type titanium alloy titanium alloy (such as Ti12Mo6Zr2Fe) and four categories, the observatory shape memory alloy compared with medical stainless steel and cobalt base alloy, they are the proportion of small, high specific strength, lower elastic modulus, corrosion resistance, easy to machining, and good biocompatibility, etc.
