Explosive welding is the most common method in steel/niobium welding. Some studies have shown that high strength welded joints can be obtained by explosive welding of steel and niobium, and even achieve equal strength bonding. However, explosive welding is mainly used in the production of laminated metal composite materials such as composite plate and composite rod. Brazing and brazing are also widely studied methods of steel/niobium welding. The binding layer of steel/niobium electron beam brazing has been studied in literature, and the changes of structure, composition and properties of the interdiffusion layer have been analyzed. The research on steel/niobium electron beam brazing has been carried out in the literature. Qi lijun et al. studied the high temperature vacuum brazing of steel and niobium by using nickel base filler, and the results showed that the brazing joint with good forming appearance, good vacuum sealing performance and good thermal shock resistance could be obtained by using appropriate technological parameters. Although the welding of steel/niobium by welding and brazing has achieved certain results, the low joint strength is an urgent need for improvement.
To sum up, the current steel/niobium welding mainly USES explosive welding, brazing, brazing and other methods. However, explosive welding can not avoid the problem of limited joint form, and welding brazing and brazing joint strength is generally low. High energy beam welding is one of the main welding methods for different metals because of its small heat input, precise and controllable welding energy and heating position. It is expected to solve the welding problem of steel and niobium fundamentally by using high energy beam as the heat source, metallurgical control of weld microstructure through preset filler metal, coupled with high energy beam energy control, eliminating layered IMC.
