Platinum and other components of noble metal materials. Commonly used are: platinum iridium alloy, platinum rhodium alloy, platinum nickel alloy, platinum alloy, platinum cobalt alloy, platinum tungsten alloy and platinum silver alloy, etc.
Natural platinum alloys exist in nature and are often associated with platinum ores. Native Americans made elaborate ornaments with natural platinum alloys long before Columbus arrived, and the Russians got their Pt-Rh-Ir alloy by directly melting uralplatinum in the early 19th century. In 1838, A.Tirin was the first British composite of PtIr10 alloy balls. In May 1874, an alloy spindle weighing 250kg with uniform composition PtIr10 was cast in Paris to make the international standard rice and kilogram originals. In 1887, Le.Chatelier, France, made PtRh10 alloy and matched it with platinum to make thermocouple repeatable temperature measurement, which laid the foundation of today's temperature measurement technology. In the 20th century, with the deepening of basic research and the development of science and technology, the varieties of platinum alloy were constantly expanded and widely used, which promoted many industrial technological progress and major new technological development in modern times. The research and preparation of Platinum alloys in China began in the 1960s, and now a complete system of scientific research, production and application has been formed.
USES (1) Platinum-rhodium alloy is the most widely used precious metal temperature measuring material. PtMo0.1/PtMo5, PtMo1/PtMo5 thermocouples can meet the requirements of nuclear field temperature measurement. (2) Important precious metal catalysts such as: in the production of nitric acid and hydrocyanic acid, the best catalyst is PtRh(5 ~ 20) series binary alloy and platinum-rhodium-palladium ternary alloy, the annual world consumption of about 12 ~ 15t; Platinum rhenium, platinum Rhenium iridium and other alloys distributed on Al2O3 carrier are used as catalysts in petroleum reforming industry. In the fuel cell, platinum rhodium, platinum rhodium palladium, platinum rhodium rhenium and many other platinum alloys are corrosion resistant catalytic electrode materials, a few years later it is estimated that the annual consumption of tens of tons. (3) of high melting point and high chemical and mechanical stability, make the platinum rhodium and dispersion strengthened platinum rhodium vessels become important precious metals materials, used to make various chemical vessels, crucible, leakage of molten glass plate, nozzle and agitator and aerospace with combustible gas corrosion resistant temperature above 1400 ℃ high temperature alloy. (4) Platinum alloy is an important precious metal electric contact material, precious metal resistance material, precious metal elastic material, precious metal strain material, platinum cobalt alloy permanent magnetic material and platinum ferroalloy soft magnetic material in the field of weak current; Platinum alloys play an important role in instrument manufacturing. They not only improve the reliability and service life of instruments, but also make them more precise and miniaturized.
